People on this forum are very helpful and very responsive. If you copy-and-paste the code you're having trouble with, you'll definitely get some helpful responses. I've also posted some of my Gosu-related questions on
http://gamedev.stackexchange.com and I've gotten some good help there.
One good way of getting help on technical issues is to upload your work-in-progress to github, and share the github url on this forum or on stackexchange.
As for debugging, if your printed messages are either generating an infinite loop, or not appearing at all, maybe the first thing to do would be to try to find a way to get the printed message to appear only once at a time (every time you press the space bar, for example).